In todays high tech world, we all experience electromagnetic radiation from many sources. Health and electromagnetic fields european commission. The accompanying electromagnetic fields emfs are partially transformed into radiation that affects human health. Energy that is transferred by either high energy particles or waves. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields emf on human. Exposure can be from a source of radiation external to the human body or due to internal irradiation caused by the ingestion of radioactive contamination. The navys hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance hero program addresses the potential for electromagnetic em radiation to unintentionally initiate electroexplosive devices eeds contained within current navy and marine corp ordnance items.
Data has shown that a wholebody averaged sar of 4 wkg is acceptable, and subsequently the standard was set at 0. Risk perception, risk communication and its application to electromagnetic field exposure, organized by the world. Quasinatural hazards such as smog or desertification arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activities. These can deliver an electric shock to persons or animals. Ppt radiation hazards powerpoint presentation free to. Radiation dose is measured in sieverts sv or millisieverts msv. Since gamma rays can kill organisms, it helps sterilise medical equipment and remove harmful bacteria from food. Additionally, the amount of radiation exposure from dental radiographs depends. Agnir report rce20 on people, animals and cells exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, and health protection agency response to the report. Almost half of the stories focus on radiation risks from use of a cell phone, including risks to children. These arise directly as a result of human activities. Cancer tumors headaches fatigue alzheimers disease parkinsons disease researchers, however, are unsure of specific longterm effects resulting from prolonged exposure to nonionizing radiation.
The kind of radiation discussed in this document is called ionizing radiation because it can produce charged particles ions in. The next two sections on this page provide a starting point for recognizing hazards from radiationemitting equipment or devices. Each source produces its own electro magnetic field or emf a wave of energy radiating outwards, getting weaker with increasing distance. It can come from unstable atoms or it can be produced by. The spectrum ranges from low energy extra low frequency radiation and radio waves to high. Ionizing radiation can damage living tissue in the human body. Gamma rays come from four possible nuclear reactions. Health risks from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emf. This technical document is a reference manual for industrial hygienists and researchers who measure occupational exposures to static and elf emf.
Objectives of radiation protection the international commission of radiation protection icrp stated that the overall objectives of radiation protection is to provide an appropriate standard of protection for man without unduly limiting the beneficial practices giving rise to radiation exposure. Keywords electromagnetic, radiation, environment, health 1. Measuring the effect of radiation ionising waves, such as gamma rays, can damage the dna in cells and even kill cells. About 30% of stories discussed cell tower radiation risks. Right now as you read this page, you are probably being irradiated by many emfs. The simplest division is into ionising and nonionising electromagnetic radiation. Radiation is energy in the form of waves of particles. Em watch electromagnetic radiation health and safety. There are two forms of radiation nonionizing and ionizing which will be discussed in sections 3. In 2011, the international agency for research on cancer iarc from the world health organization who released a statement adding rf electromagnetic fields including microwave and millimetre waves to their list of things which are possibly carcinogenic to.
Safety and health topics ionizing radiation hazards. A great dose of radiation destroys a lot of cells and can be the cause of a radiation illness. These can be in the form of gamma radiation, radio waves, heat waves or particle radiation which includes alpha and beta radiation. Electromagnetic radiation hazards 5 summary of current ansi standards for exposure to nonionizing radiation. Each source produces its own electromagnetic field or emf a wave of energy radiating outwards, getting weaker with increasing distance. A mobile phone tower only 150 meters away emits similar levels of radiation as a wifi router at a distance of 5 meters.
Nonionizing radiation can produce nonmutagenic effects such as inciting thermal energy in biological tissue that can lead to burns. In physics, electromagnetic radiation em radiation or emr refers to the waves or their quanta, photons of the electromagnetic field, propagating radiating through space, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. Beta radiation beta emitters are internal radiation hazards when taken inside the body. Radiation hazards n protection linkedin slideshare. The results are benchmarked against recommended safety levels. The risk that exposure to radiation presents can be measured using the radiation dose. A very high dose of gamma rays in a short time can be fatal. The electromagnetic spectrum in diagram 1 shows a number of important divisions based on the properties and applications of the di. Elf and vlf em radiation emr in the elf and vlf range is.
Increasingly, more people are reporting symptoms associated with wifi radiation, or nonionizing. The legislation would block the rights of local governments and their citizens to control the installation of. The other form of radiation is gravitational radiation. When the risk of ionizing radiation to humans is discussed, the calculated unit. Icnirp guideline at 940 mhz, power density p d is 4. Nonionizing radiation has less energy than ionizing radiation. Knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection.
Nuclear regulatory commission, nrc, such as xray equipment. Pdf exposure to hazardous effect of em radiation researchgate. Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels herf many studies have been done about fuel vapors being accidentally ignited by electromagnetic radiation. Radiation hazards free download as powerpoint presentation. S have aired more than 250 news stories about health risks from wireless radiation exposure. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields emf on human health 2 about the scientific committees three independent nonfood scientific committees provide the commission with the scientific advice it needs when preparing policy and proposals relating to consumer safety, public health and the environment. Nov 14, 2018 updated feb 22, 2019 the emergence of 5g, fifthgeneration telecommunications technology, has been in the news lately because the wireless industry has been pushing controversial legislation at the state and federal level to expedite the deployment of this technology. We will discuss here ben eficial as well as hazardous effects of emr. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. This type of radiation is commonly used in industries such as mining, food, refining and paper. Benefits and hazards of electromagnetic waves, telecommunication. Because gamma rays are such a highintensity, ionizing form of radiation, they pass through normal protections, such as skin, clothing, foil and goggles. Tests aboard ships and in laboratories have shown that the chances of this happening are low because of other conditions that must exist at the same time to support combustion of the fuel.
Effect of electromagnetic waves on human reproduction annals of. Electromagnetic radiation emr emitting from the natural environment, as well as from the use of. Establishing a dialogue on risks from electromagnetic fields. Light, radio, and microwaves are types of radiation that are called nonionizing. Electrical energy enters into the operation of a myriad industrial, scientific, medical, community and house equipment and appliances.
Health hazards of radiation an unprotected person in the accident place may in a short time receive such a great radiation dose that it has an immediate effect on the persons health. Radiation hazards electromagnetic radiation absorbed. Study of cell tower radiation and its health hazards on human body article pdf available in iosr journal of applied physics 61 november 20 with 161 reads how we measure reads. Report of the statewide program for radiation protection in the use of dental. Nonionizing electromagnetic radiation emf can present many health risks. Sufficiently strong electromagnetic radiation emr can cause electric currents in conductive materials that is strong enough to create sparks electrical arcs when an induced voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the surrounding medium e. Questions and answers about biological effects and. Rifai and others published health hazards of electromagnetic radiation find, read and cite all the research you need on. Radiation is defined as the emission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. The mean score for knowledge about radiation hazards and protection was 6. Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel herp. The radiation dose is measured in terms of roentgen, it is the quantity of xrays or gamma radiation which produces one electrostatic unit in one c. One rad is equal to the radiation necessary to deposit energy of 100 ergs in 1 g of irradiated material 100ergsg.
The photon energies of rf electromagnetic waves are not great enough to cause the ionization of atoms and molecules and rf energy is, therefore, characterized as nonionizing radiation, along with visible light, infrared radiation and other forms of electromagnetic radiation with relatively low frequencies. Pdf health hazards of electromagnetic radiation researchgate. High frequency radiation and human exposure mahmoud m. The study includes investiga tion of electromagnetic radiation from highvoltage electric lines in inhabited areas in an urban.
Society for radiation protection and a regular contributor to the german monthly publication. Nonionising radiation includes electromagnetic radiation spanning the. Emr, or electromagnetic field radiation emf, is the generated byproduct of electricity traveling through electronic devices radiation is classified as either ionizing or nonionizing based on the radiations capacity to ionize atoms and interfere with chemical bonds. Electromagnetic radiation hazards electromagnetic radiation hazards, navsea op 3565, is a twovolume manual that prescribes operating procedures and precautions to prevent injury to personnel, ignition of volatile vapors, and premature initiation of electroexplosive devices in ordnance in electromagnetic environments. Gamma rays are dangerous because they cause cellular damage that leads to dna damage, cancer and radiation sickness. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, xrays, and gamma rays classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves. Nonionizing radiation includes the spectrum of ultraviolet uv, visible light, infrared ir, microwave mw, radio frequency rf, and extremely low frequency elf. The range of wavelengths of radiation in which the energy is transmitted by photons.
Pdf knowledge of radiation hazards, radiation protection. Electromagnetic waves are not simply waves, but have a dual nature. Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the international atomic energy agency iaea as the protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this. Ionising radiation includes ultraviolet rays, xrays and gamma rays. Radiation hazards in dentistry pdf radiation hazards in dentistry gont. In nigeria, 29% of national disease burden is linked to risks. Radiation of all forms constitutes one of the environmental determinants of health. This research investigates the potential health hazards of radiation emanating from electric power lines. Nonionizing radiation is described as a series of energy waves composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields traveling at the speed of light. Cdc emf electric and magnetic fields niosh workplace. It strips away electrons from atoms breaks some chemical bonds. Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through space and may be able to penetrate various materials in its path.